Josephus SUTTON

1845 - 1932  (87 years)

• Name	Josephus SUTTON
  Census	1845	Harrisburg, Van Buren, Iowa
  Born	17 Jan 1845	Fayette, Fayette, Pennsylvania
  Gender	Male
  Census	1850	E Huntingdon, Westmoreland, Pennsylvania   [1]
  Census	1860	Harrisburg, Van Buren, Iowa   [2]
  Census	1870	Harrisburg, Van Buren, Iowa   [3]
  Drafted	1872	Harrisburg, Van Buren, Iowa
  Occupation	Hospital supervisor, farmer
  Census	1880	Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa   [4]
  Residence	1888	Crow Creek, S Dakota
  	From father’s statement
  Census	1905	Henry County, Iowa   [5]
  Census	1910	Randlett, Comanche, Oklahoma   [6]
  	Lvg w/ son Ellis & family
  Census	1920	Yonkers, Westchester, New York   [7]
  	Lvg w/ John Aitchison & Estella
  Census	1930	Chicago, Cook, Illinois   [8]
  	Chicago Home for Incurables
  Census Notes	1880 US Federal Census Name Josephus Sutton Sex Male Age 35 Event Date 1880 Event Place Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa, United States Event Place (Original) Mt. Pleasant, Henry, Iowa, United States Birth Year (Estimated) 1845 Birthplace Pennsylvania, United States Marital Status Married Occupation Ward Supervisor At Hospital Race White Relationship to Head of Household Self Father's Birthplace Pennsylvania, United States Mother's Birthplace Pennsylvania, United States Person Number 0 Sheet Letter A Sheet Number 350 Volume 1 Image Number 00264 —— 1920 US Federal Census Joseph Sullon 75 (father) John Y Aitchison 51 (head) Estella Aitchison 51 (wife) Murdell Matheson 22 (maid) John B Aitchison 15 (son)
  Military Note	The 3rd Missouri Infantry Regiment served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The infantry regiment was officially mustered into service on January 17, 1862. It fought at the Battle of Pea Ridge in Arkansas in March before being transferred across the Mississippi River. While stationed at Corinth, Mississippi, the regiment played a minor role in the Battle of Farmington before the evacuation of the town. In September, the unit saw light action at the Battle of Iuka before being heavily engaged during the Second Battle of Corinth as the Confederates attempted to retake the town in October. In early 1863, the regiment was transferred to Grand Gulf, Mississippi, in order to strengthen the defenses of the Mississippi River at that point. At the Battle of Grand Gulf on April 29, the unit helped repulse a Union Navy attack against the Confederate defensive works. After elements of the Union Army of the Tennessee landed below Grand Gulf, the regiment fought in a delaying action at the Battle of Port Gibson on May 1. —— 3rd Infantry Regiment [also called 2nd Regiment] was organized near Springfield, Missouri, in January, 1862. Many of the men were from St. Louis and Jefferson and Franklin counties. The unit soon moved east of the Mississippi River and was active in the engagements at Iuka and Corinth. Later it was assigned to Bowen's Brigade, Department of Mississippi and East Louisiana. The 3rd fought in various conflicts during the Vicksburg siege and was captured on July 4, 1863. Exchanged and assigned to General Cockrell's Brigade, it was consolidated with the 5th Regiment. This command participated in the Atlanta Campaign, endured Hood's winter operations in Tennessee, then aided in the defense of Mobile. The 3rd lost 5 killed, 65 wounded, and 23 missing at Corinth, had 13 killed, 63 wounded, and 44 missing at Champion's Hill, and during the Vicksburg siege had 18 killed and 83 wounded. In the Atlanta Campaign, May 18 to September 5, the 3rd/5th reported 128 casualties and 68 at Allatoona. Very few surrendered in May, 1865. Its commanders were Colonels William R. Gause, James A. Prichard, and Benjamin A. Rives; Lieutenant Colonels Finley L. Hubbell and James K. McDowell, and Major Robert J. Williams. —— Why Confederate Soldiers Fought Confederate soldiers were primarily volunteers who enlisted for a variety of reasons. A crucial motivator for many Southern soldiers was the defense of home and family against the invading Northern armies, often characterized as “Vandals” or “Hessians.” Additionally, whether their families owned slaves or not, many believed that two fundamental aspects of Southern society, white liberty and black slavery, were under threat by a Federal government dominated by the North. Finally, a sense of personal honor and duty to their comrades, families, and communities, and to the new Confederacy, eventually propelled more than 800,000 men to enlist and persevere through four long years of Civil War; nearly 260,000 would not survive. The Draft While most Confederate soldiers were volunteers, representing all social classes, more than ten percent were conscripts, men drafted into military service against their will. The Confederate Congress enacted the first draft in American history in April of 1862. Initially, the law called for all able-bodied men between 18 and 35; by 1864 boys as young as 17 and men up to 50 years old were required to serve. Exemptions were available for government workers, those employed in vital war related industries, and for owners of twenty or more slaves. These exemptions created resentment among the lower classes, particularly poor farmers with large families, who increasingly felt that it had become a “rich man’s war and a poor man’s fight.” https://www.nps.gov/apco/planyourvisit/upload/Why-Confederates-Fought-Final.pdf —— THE WAR OF THE REBELLION: A COMPILATION OF THE OFFICIAL RECORDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARMIES. PREPARED, UNDER THE DIRECTION OP TUB SECRETARY OP WAR, BY The late Lieut. Col. ROBERT N. SCOTT, Third U. S. Artillery. PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO ACTS OP CONGRESS. ■* SERIES I—VOLUME XXIV—IN THREE PARTS. PART I—REPORTS. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1889. Lieutenant-Colonel [F. L.] Hubbell, Third; Missouri;, fell, mortally wounded, in hottest of the fight. (Baker’s Creek)  [9, 10]
  Military Event	Civil War - Confederate, 3rd Reg MO Inf, Co D, Pvt.
  Served Civil War?	Y
  Military Flag	Y
  Confirmed Ancestor?	Y
  Verified Birth	Y
  Verified Death	Y
  Verified Marriage	Y
  Parents Verified?	Y
  Historical Notes	Established in 1886, the Chicago Home for Incurables has a long and storied past, which began with a $625,000 bequest from Chicago philanthropist Clarissa C. Peck. At the time, it was the largest philanthropic donation ever made by a woman in the US. In 1898, the Home was built at 56th Street and Ellis Avenue—the location of the Young Memorial Building today—to care for individuals in Cook County with conditions that were then deemed "incurable," including tuberculosis, rheumatism, paralysis, and locomotor ataxia (known today as tabes dorsalis). The Home accommodated 125 patients, who had access to lawns with shade trees and swinging hammocks, reading rooms, and a parlor on every floor. Patients were provided with wheelchairs, and male patients could go to a smoking room to "indulge to their hearts' content in the use of their favorite brands." The Chicago Home for Incurables included a 68-bed ward dedicated to caring for patients with advanced cases of tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease that typically affects the lungs but can attack any part of the body. Occupying the south wing of the home, the TB ward was established by Otto Young. In the 1920s, University of Chicago researcher Alexander A. Maximow, MD, provided a new understanding of TB when he reproduced the disease in lung tissue isolated from rabbits and traced its progression under the microscope. However, it wasn’t until the 1944 discovery of streptomycin—an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections—that a cure for TB became a reality. Subsequently, sanatoriums became obsolete, as patients with the disease no longer required multiyear periods of hospitalization. http://www.asylumprojects.org/index.php/Chicago_Home_for_Incurables
  Died	12 Sep 1932	Chicago, Cook, Illinois
  	Chicago Home for Incurables
  Buried	Forest Home Cemetery, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa   [11]
  Person ID	I3850	Main
  Last Modified	17 Dec 2023

  
  

  Father	Rev Milton Ellis SUTTON,   b. 30 Jul 1814, Fayette, Fayette, Pennsylvania ,   d. 28 Apr 1888, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa  (Age 73 years)
  Mother	Mary “Polly” WYNN,   b. 15 Feb 1815, Georges, Fayette, Pennsylvania ,   d. 17 Aug 1877, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa  (Age 62 years)
  Married	Jun 1834	Fayette, Fayette, Pennsylvania
  Notes	Husband and wife are Half 3C1R.
  Family ID	F1280	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family	Martha Jane “Jinnie” CRAIG,   b. 11 Jun 1847, Ohio ,   d. 15 Jan 1881, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa  (Age 33 years)
  Married	14 Feb 1867	Bonaparte, Van Buren, Iowa
  Children	+ 1. Estella Viola “Stella” SUTTON,   b. 3 Jul 1868, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa ,   d. 12 Feb 1948, Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania  (Age 79 years)   2. Lena Florence SUTTON,   b. 12 Dec 1874, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa ,   d. 6 Aug 1949, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa  (Age 74 years) + 3. Ellis Craig SUTTON,   b. 15 Mar 1876, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa ,   d. 6 Feb 1919, Algona, Kossuth, Iowa  (Age 42 years)
  Last Modified	27 Mar 2020
  Family ID	F1270	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

• Event Map		Census - 1845 - Harrisburg, Van Buren, Iowa Born - 17 Jan 1845 - Fayette, Fayette, Pennsylvania Census - 1850 - E Huntingdon, Westmoreland, Pennsylvania Census - 1860 - Harrisburg, Van Buren, Iowa Married - 14 Feb 1867 - Bonaparte, Van Buren, Iowa Census - 1870 - Harrisburg, Van Buren, Iowa Drafted - 1872 - Harrisburg, Van Buren, Iowa Census - 1880 - Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa Residence - 1888 - Crow Creek, S Dakota Census - 1905 - Henry County, Iowa Census - 1910 - Randlett, Comanche, Oklahoma Census - 1920 - Yonkers, Westchester, New York Census - 1930 - Chicago, Cook, Illinois Died - 12 Sep 1932 - Chicago, Cook, Illinois Buried - - Forest Home Cemetery, Mt Pleasant, Henry, Iowa  = Link to Google Earth
  Pin Legend	: Address       : Location       : City/Town       : County/Shire       : State/Province       : Country       : Not Set

  
  

• Photos		SUTTON-Josephus-1910
  		chicagoincurables Chicago Home for Incurables

  
  

  Documents

  Why Confederate Soldiers Fought Story

  
  

  Headstones		Josephus Sutton Headstone
  		Josephus Sutton Headstone

  
  

  Histories

  The story of Josephus Sutton Confederate soldier

  
  

• Notes

  m2 Lydia KNAPP; divorced per 1930 Census. After his first wife died, the children were adopted by his father. —— Marriage records gives birth year as 1846. —— Josephus Sutton was the son of a traveling minister and moved around frequently as he was growing up. I haven’t found any land deeds or records that he owned property. —— Josephus enlisted in the Confederate Army at 17 (abt Jan 1862) at Springfield, Missouri. Although he was registered for military service in Iowa (where he lived), he didn’t want to join the Union forces. Instead, he went to Missouri where he could join the Confederate fight. We don’t have any records of why he joined the Confederacy, but common reasons were fear of the “invading Northern army” and a belief that the demise of slavery meant the end of society. Josephus didn’t own any land and didn’t have any slaves. His experience contributed to the realization that the Confederate cause had become a “rich man’s war and a poor man’s fight.” He was captured on 12 May 1863 and imprisoned at Port Gibson, Mississippi. On 12 Jun 1863, he was part of a prisoner exchange, and presumably went home shortly after. Prisoners were required to sign a pledge not to serve again for the Confederacy. He appears in Iowa’s Union conscription records. He appears to have not served further. —— Later in life, Josephus was sent to the Chicago Home for Incurables, where he died. It’s likely he had contracted tuberculosis. [10]

  
  

• Sources

  [S84] 1850 United States Federal Census. [S142] 1860 United States Federal Census. [S63] 1870 United States Federal Census. [S148] 1880 United States Federal Census. [S147] 1905 Minnesota Territorial & State Census. [S144] 1910 United States Federal Census. [S94] 1920 United States Federal Census. [S87] 1930 United States Federal Census. [S76] Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd_Missouri_Infantry_Regiment_(Confederate). [S77] Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System, National Park Service. [S96] Find a Grave, database and images, 55684383.